Methylamine (CAS # 74-89-5)
Ibyago n'umutekano
| Kode y'ingaruka | R12 - Biraka cyane R20 - Byangiza no guhumeka R37 / 38 - Kurakaza sisitemu yubuhumekero nuruhu. R41 - Ibyago byo kwangirika cyane kumaso R34 - Bitera gutwikwa R20 / 22 - Byangiza muguhumeka kandi niba byamizwe. R11 - Biraka cyane R39 / 23/24/25 - R36 / 37/38 - Kurakaza amaso, sisitemu y'ubuhumekero n'uruhu. R23 / 24/25 - Uburozi muguhumeka, guhura nuruhu kandi niba byamizwe. R40 - Ibimenyetso bike byerekana ingaruka ziterwa na kanseri R19 - Irashobora gukora peroxide iturika |
| Ibisobanuro byumutekano | S7 - Komeza ibikoresho bifunze cyane. S16 - Irinde amasoko yo gutwikwa. S26 - Mugihe uhuye namaso, kwoza ako kanya n'amazi menshi hanyuma ushakishe inama mubuvuzi. S36 / 37 - Wambare imyenda ikingira hamwe na gants. S45 - Mugihe habaye impanuka cyangwa niba wumva utameze neza, shaka inama zubuvuzi ako kanya (erekana ikirango igihe cyose bishoboka.) S29 - Ntugasibe ubusa. S36 / 37/39 - Wambare imyenda ikingira, uturindantoki no kurinda amaso / mu maso. S3 / 7 - S3 - Gumana ahantu hakonje. S39 - Kwambara ijisho / kurinda amaso. S33 - Fata ingamba zo kwirinda gusohora ibintu bihamye. |
| Indangamuntu ya Loni | UN 3286 3 / PG 2 |
| WGK Ubudage | 2 |
| RTECS | PF6300000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 4.5-31 |
| TSCA | Yego |
| Kode ya HS | 29211100 |
| Icyiciro cya Hazard | 3 |
| Itsinda ryo gupakira | II |
| Uburozi | LD50 mu kanwa mu mbeba: 100-200 mg / kg (Kinney); LC50 mu mbeba: 0.448 ml / l (Sarkar, Sastry) |
Amakuru
| ibikoresho ngengabukungu | methylamine, izwi kandi nka methylamine na aminomethane, ni ibikoresho by'ibanze bya chimique ngengabihe hamwe n’umuhuza, ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba n’umuvuduko w’ikirere wa gaze yaka umuriro utagira ibara, kwibanda cyane cyangwa kwikuramo compression, hamwe numunuko ukomeye wa amoniya. Impumuro y'amafi yibitekerezo bike. Gushonga mumazi, gushonga muri Ethanol, ether. Biroroshye gutwika, gukora imvange iturika hamwe numwuka, imipaka iturika: 4.3% ~ 21%. Hariho alkaline idakomeye, alkaline kuruta ammonia, na aside ya organique kugirango itange umunyu ushonga. Ihinduranya kuva methanol na ammonia ikorwa nubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi hamwe na catalizator, kandi irashobora kandi gutegurwa no gushyushya formaldehyde na chloride ammonium kugeza 300 ℃ byakozwe na zinc chloride. Methylamine irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora imiti yica udukoko, imiti, imiti yihuta ya rubber, amarangi, ibisasu, uruhu, peteroli, surfactants, ibyuma byo guhanahana ion, impapuro zisiga amarangi, impuzu ninyongeramusaruro. Nibikoresho byingenzi bibyara umusaruro wica udukoko Dimethoate, karbaryl na chlordimeform. Ubumara bwa Methylamine ni uburozi buke, ibyinshi byemerwa kwibanda mu kirere 5mg / m3 (0.4ppm). Kubora, kurakaza amaso, uruhu hamwe na membrane. Mugihe umuriro ufunguye, harikibazo cyo gutwikwa giterwa nubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi kwangiza silinderi nibindi bikoresho bizatera guturika. |
| Imfashanyo Yambere yo Kuroga | methylamine nicyiciro cyuburozi giciriritse hamwe no kurakara no kwangirika. Mubikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro no mugihe cyo gutwara, kubera impanuka zitunguranye, bizatera guhura nuburozi bukabije. Iki gicuruzwa gishobora guhumeka binyuze mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, igisubizo gishobora kwinjizwa mu ruhu, kandi umunyu urashobora kwangizwa no gufatwa ku bw'impanuka. Iki gicuruzwa gifite imbaraga zikomeye zitera amaso, inzira zubuhumekero zo hejuru, uruhu na mucosa. Guhumeka cyane bishobora kwangiza ibihaha. Indwara zikomeye zirashobora gutera indwara yo mu bihaha, syndrome de syndrome de respiratory. Icyakora, nta kibazo cy’uburozi bwa sisitemu bwigeze bugaragara mu gihugu no hanze yacyo. Amazi ya methylamine yamazi afite uburakari bukabije no kwangirika, birashobora gutera imiti yijisho nuruhu. 40% ya methylamine yumuti urashobora gutera ububabare bwo gutwika amaso, gufotora, amarira, Conjunctival Congestion, kubyimba mumaso, kubyimba corneal edema hamwe n ibisebe bitagaragara, ibimenyetso birashobora kumara ibyumweru 1 kugeza 2. Kumara igihe kinini uhura na methylamine nkeya, birashobora kumva amaso yumye, izuru, umuhogo no kutamererwa neza. [ingamba z'ubutabazi bwa mbere] mugihe uruhu ruhuye, kuramo imyenda yanduye ako kanya hanyuma woge neza n'amazi menshi atemba, 0,5% acide citricike yoza uruhu, ururenda na gargles. mugihe amaso yanduye, ijisho rigomba kuzamurwa, kwozwa n'amazi atemba cyangwa umunyu byibuze muminota 15, hanyuma bigasuzumwa na fluorescein. Niba hari ibikomere bya corneal, umuganga w'amaso agomba kubazwa. kubafite umwuka wa monomethylamine, bagomba guhita bava aho bakimukira ahantu hafite umwuka mwiza kugirango inzira zubuhumekero zitabangamirwa. Dyspnea y'abarwayi igomba guhabwa umwuka wa ogisijeni, nyuma yo kuvurwa, umurwayi yoherejwe mu bitaro kwivuza byihutirwa. |
| intego | ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo fatizo byibanze byica udukoko, imiti, imyenda nizindi nganda, bikoreshwa no mumazi aturika ikoreshwa nka solve na firigo ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byibanze bya chimique, ikoreshwa no mumiti yica udukoko, imiti, imyenda nizindi nganda ikoreshwa nka surfactant, polymerisation inhibitor hamwe na solvets, ikoreshwa no mubikorwa bya synthesis organique no gucapa no gusiga amarangi kuri synthesis yimiti yica udukoko, imiti, amarangi, ibirungo, nibindi, hamwe na electrolysis, electroplating monomethylamine nikintu cyingenzi cya alifatique amine organic chimique chimique, ikoreshwa cyane mugukora imiti yica udukoko, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza N- methyl chloroacetamide, ikaba ari intera ya organophosifore yica udukoko twica dimethoate na omethoate; monocrotophos hagati α-chloroacetylmethanamine; Carbamoyl chloride na methyl isocyanate nkumuhuza wica udukoko twa karbamate; Kimwe nubundi bwoko bwica udukoko nka monoformamidine, Amitraz, benzenesulfonon, nibindi. Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa no mubuvuzi, reberi, amarangi, inganda zimpu nibikoresho bifotora. methylamine ifite intera nini yinganda zikoreshwa. Methylamine irashobora gukoreshwa nkubuvuzi (activation, cafeyine, ephedrine, nibindi), umuti wica udukoko (karbaryl, dimethoate, chloramidine, nibindi), irangi (hagati ya alizarin, hagati ya anthraquinone, nibindi), ibisasu hamwe na lisansi (gel gel iturika, monomethhydrazine , nibindi), surfactants, yihuta, nibikoresho fatizo nkibikoresho bya reberi, imiti ifotora hamwe nuwashonga. Hagati yo gukora ubuhinzi-mwimerere n’imiti yo gukora N-methylpyrrolidone (solvent). |
| uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro | mu nganda, methylamine ikomatanyirizwa muri methanol na ammonia ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru ikoresheje imashini ihindura rimwe na rimwe ikora na catalizike ikora ya alumina, nyamara, reaction ya methylation ntabwo ihagarara kuri monomethylamine, bityo bikavamo kuvanga monomethylamine, dimethylamine na trimethylamine. Igenzura igipimo cya methanol na ammonia, ammonia irenze, hanyuma wongeremo amazi no kuzenguruka kwa trimethylamine bifasha mugukora methylamine na dimethylamine, mugihe ammoniya ikubye inshuro 2,5 methanol, ubushyuhe bwa reaction ni 425 deg C, mugihe reaction umuvuduko ni 2.45MPa, amine ivanze ya 10-12% ya monomethylamine, 8-9% ya dimethylamine na 11-13% ya trimethylamine irashobora kuboneka. Kubera ko trimethylamine ikora azeotrope hamwe na ammonia hamwe na methylamine ku muvuduko w'ikirere, ibicuruzwa bivamo bitandukanijwe no kuvanga umuvuduko no kuvoma. Ukurikije umusaruro wa methylamine 1t ivanze, harakoreshwa 1500 kg ya methanol na 500kg ya ammonia yamazi. Nk’uko raporo z’ubuvanganzo zibishinzwe zibivuga, guhindura igipimo cya methanol na ammonia ni uburyo bwiza bwo kubona ibicuruzwa byifuzwa, igipimo cya methanol na amoniya cya 1: 1.5 nicyo kintu cyiza cyo gushiraho trimethylamine, methanol na ammonia ya 1: 4 ni ibihe byiza byo gushiraho methylamine. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo kubyaza umusaruro monomethylamine, Ariko methanol amination ikoreshwa cyane cyane munganda. CH3OH + NH3 → CH3NH2 + H2O2CH3OH + NH3 → (CH3) 2NH + 2H2O3CH3OH + NH3 →. catalitike amination reaction ikorwa hifashishijwe alumina ikora nka catalizator, Ibicuruzwa bivanze bya mono-, di-na trimethylamine irabyara, hanyuma igatandukanywa no guhindagurika kumuvuduko ukabije binyuze murukurikirane rwinkingi ya distillation, yegeranye kandi deammoniated na dehidrated kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa bya mono-, di-na trimethylamine. |
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